EMPOWERING PREGNANT WOMEN: THE IMPACT OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON SELF-CARE AND OUTCOMES IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract This study evaluates the impact of culturally feasible health education modules on key maternal outcomes, including fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c levels, HOMA-IR, and neonatal outcomes such as birth weight, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. It also examines self-care practices like dietary adherence and physical activity among women with GDM. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from 2020 to 2025, the research provides evidence for integrating culturally tailored health education into antenatal care, especially in underprivileged settings. The findings indicate significant improvements in maternal glycemic control and neonatal outcomes, with notable reductions in fasting glucose (MD: -24.07 mg/dL), postprandial glucose (MD: -27.78 mg/dL), and HbA1c levels (MD: -0.8%). Additionally, there were increases in dietary adherence (35%) and physical activity (28%). The study highlights the effectiveness of dietary interventions in reducing neonatal complications, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive education in managing GDM and improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes.