An Analysis of the Literature Comparing Breast-Conserving Surgery with Mastectomy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer following Good Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Abstract: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) poses a significant clinical challenge and often requires a multimodal treatment approach. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has emerged as a standard of care for LABC, aiming to downsize tumors and facilitate surgical intervention. This review literature aims to compare the outcomes of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with mastectomy in LABC patients who achieved a good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The review evaluates key factors influencing surgical decisions, survival outcomes, local recurrence rates, and cosmetic considerations. An extensive search of existing literature was conducted, and pertinent studies were analysed to provide an overview of the evidence available up to January 2022 to June 2023. Keywords: locally advanced breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, breast-conserving surgery, mastectomy, systematic review, meta-analysis, oncologic safety, cosmetic outcomes.