Comparative Study of Marigold Potential (Tagetes spp.) in Russia and Indonesia: Agronomic and Economic Perspectives

ABSTRACT: This comparative study examines the agronomic and economic potentials of marigold (Tagetes spp.) cultivation in Russia and Indonesia, two regions with contrasting climates and market dynamics. In Russia, marigold farming focuses on short-season, cold-tolerant varieties, leveraging greenhouse technology and advanced bioactive extraction methods to meet demands in pharmaceutical and ornamental markets. Conversely, Indonesia benefits from a tropical climate that supports year-round cultivation, producing marigolds rich in lutein and carotenoids, widely used in traditional ceremonies, cosmetics, and local ornamental markets. Agronomic assessments reveal Russia's higher production costs but competitive advantage in bioactive compound extraction, while Indonesia achieves greater net profits through lower production costs and higher yields. Despite climatic challenges, both countries capitalize on their unique resources and market demands—Russia's technological expertise complements Indonesia's biodiversity and cultural heritage.The study underscores the importance of adapting cultivation techniques and marketing strategies to regional conditions. Collaborative opportunities, such as technology exchange and joint market development, are recommended to enhance the global competitiveness of marigold products from both nations. The findings highlight the diverse applications and market potential of marigold, advocating for tailored approaches to maximize its value across varying agro-economic landscapes.