Time as the Driver of Cosmic Expansion: A Higher-Dimensional Framework

Abstract:This paper proposes a novel explanation for cosmic acceleration by treating time as an evolving field rather than a passive coordinate. Using a 5D Time-Field framework, we derive a modified expansion law where the growth of the time field naturally leads to an accelerating universe—eliminating the need for dark energy. The model predicts a late-time stabilization of acceleration, aligns with observational data (CMB, supernovae, and large-scale structure), and suggests potential modifications to gravitational dynamics. We outline falsifiable predictions and discuss future observational tests, making this a viable alternative to the standard Λ\LambdaΛCDM model.