PREDICTIVE RISK FACTORS FOR PREECLAMPSIA IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

Introduction. Preeclampsia remains a major issue in obstetrics, being one of the main causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Along with hemorrhages and infections, it forms part of the triad of the most severe obstetric complications. The aim of the research. The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors that may lead to the development of preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy, with the goal of early identification of high-risk pregnant women for more rigorous monitoring during pregnancy. Material and methods. A prospective study was conducted at Municipal Clinical Hospital "Gheorghe Paladi" between 2019 and 2021. It included 96 pregnant women divided into two groups: L1 – Pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia, hospitalized for investigations and treatment related to the condition, with a gestational age of 28+0 to 40+6 weeks; L0 – Pregnant women without a diagnosis of preeclampsia. Each group included 48 pregnant women. Results. To identify pregnant women at increased risk of developing preeclampsia, the following potential risk factors were analyzed: maternal age, parity, body mass index (BMI), pathological weight gain, history of cardiovascular diseases, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia/eclampsia in the anamnesis.The study data confirm that identifying maternal risk factors plays a crucial role in preventing preeclampsia, allowing for broader investigation and closer monitoring of high-risk pregnancies. Conclusions. The analysis established that pregnant women with BMI ≥27 kg/m², pathological weight gain, and a history of cardiovascular diseases are at a higher risk of developing preeclampsia. The success in managing preeclampsia and avoiding severe complications depends on the timing of detection, gestational age at diagnosis, and early intervention.