Wound Healing Potential of Adenanthera Pavonina On Alloxan Induced Diabetic Wound in Mice Model

Wound healing is a complex process involving interactions between the immune and biological systems, with diabetes mellitus (DM) often leading to delayed wound healing. Adenanthera pavonina L. a tropical tree known for its medicinal properties, was investigated for its wound healing potential in diabetic mice. Ethanolic extracts of A. pavonina leaves were prepared and incorporated into cream formulations at 10% and 20% concentrations. Diabetes was induced in mice using alloxan, and excision wounds were created. The wound healing effects of the extract creams were compared to a control group, diabetic group, and a standard treatment group using 1% Soframycin cream. Wound contraction rate, epithelialization period, and histological parameters were assessed. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and other bioactive compounds in the leaf extract. The 20% extract cream showed significant wound contraction and faster epithelialization compared to the control and diabetic groups, with effects comparable to Soframycin cream. Histological examination indicated enhanced tissue regeneration and collagen deposition in the extract-treated groups. The wound healing activity of A. pavonina leaf extract in diabetic mice is attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds, which may promote collagen synthesis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis while reducing inflammation. These findings support the traditional use of A. pavonina for wound treatment and suggest its potential as an alternative therapy for wound management in diabetic patients.