Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cassia Tora Linn: An in-depth Review of its Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Pharmacology

Cassia tora, locally called “Tojank” on the coasts of Karnataka, is a herbaceous plant from the Fabaceae family found in the tropical regions of Asia and Africa. It is commonly seen as a weed in India. Considered an integral part of a traditional system of medicine, it is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine due to its varied therapeutic capabilities. Phytochemical analysis has established the presence of a spectrum of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and anthraquinones, which are reputed to be accountable for their medicinal properties. Traditional practitioners use Cassia Tora to treat a multitude of health disorders, including diabetes, skin disorders, liver complications, and gastrointestinal problems. Bioactive molecules like anthraquinones (emodin, Rhein, and chrysophanol), glycosides (quercetin), and amino acids, as well as other prominent phytochemicals such as chrysophanic acid, cassiaside, and beta-sitosterol, have been established to be accountable for these useful activities, vindicating the plant of significant interest in drug development and therapeutic application. This review provides a critical account of Cassia tora, including its botanical description, phytochemical features, traditional uses, and modern pharmacological reports, establishing its therapeutic significance in traditional and modern medicine.