Histopathological Analysis of Testicular Lesions in Tertiary Care Center

<p>Introduction:Testicular tumors are relatively rare malignancies that primarily affect<br>young men, typically between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Testicular lesions requiring<br>orchidectomy can be both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. Non-neoplastic<br>lesions are more prevalent than neoplastic ones. Incidence rates of testicular tumors<br>show considerable geographical variation, and interestingly, they exhibit aninverse<br>pattern to most cancers, with decreasing incidence as age increases. Surgical removal<br>of the affected testis (orchiectomy) remains the cornerstone of treatment, often<br>followed by chemotherapy or radiation, depending on the stage and histology.<br>Material and Method: This was a retrospective study, in which total 30 testicular<br>cases were retrieved from database between July 2022 to June 2023, in the department<br>of pathology, SMIMER, Surat.<br>Results: There was a total of 30 specimens received in the department of pathology,<br>during the study period. 30%(9 specimen) of the total specimen does not have definite<br>diagnosis(descriptive), 16.6% (5 specimen) was of torsion of testis, 13.3% (4<br>specimen) was of cryptorchidism, 6.6% (2 specimen) was of atrophy of testis, 6.6% (2<br>specimen) was of inflammation of testis, 6.6%(2 specimen) was of granulomatous<br>inflammation of testis, 6.6% (2 specimen) was of ectopic testis, 3.3% (1 specimen) was<br>of classic seminoma, 3.3% (1 specimen) was of spermatolytic tumor, 3.3%(1 specimen)<br>was of Leydig cell tumor, 3.3% (1 specimen) was of Germ cell tumors derived from<br>germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) - mixed Germ cell tumor- Teratoma- post pubertal<br>type (Immature teratoma) (70%) + Yolk sac tumor (30%).<br>Conclusion: Testicular tumors are uncommon in our population.Non-neoplastic lesions<br>are more prevalent than neoplastic ones. According to new WHO classification 2022<br>5<br>th edition there are new changes. These are the changes. Spermatocytic tumor and<br>seminoma both are germ cell tumors. Spermatocytic tumor is included in Germ cell<br>tumor unrelated to germ cell neoplasia in situ. Seminoma is included in Germ cell<br>tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS).</p>