WOMEN AND ALTERED SOCIAL STRUCTURATION: FACTS AND FICTION IN AMITAV GHOSH'S IBIS TRILOGY

This article explores the representation of women in Amitav Ghosh’s Ibis Trilogy, focusing on the lives and struggles of female characters during the colonial period in the nineteenth century. The paper examines how Ghosh’s novels—Sea of Poppies (2008), River of Smoke (2011), and Flood of Fire (2015)—depict women within the socio-political and cultural structures shaped by British colonialism, particularly in relation to the Opium War. While the narratives draw on historical events, they also highlight the ways in which women defy patriarchal limitations, embodying both personal resistance and a broader feminist consciousness.