A Study of Correlation of Complexity of Surgery with Post-Operative Complications using Clavien-Dindo Score

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the correlation of Clavien-Dindo classification for complications in post-operative period with the complexity of surgeries. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted on 200 patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The operations were sorted according to the complexity ranking according to British United Provident Association (BUPA) scores. Parameters like operative procedure, length of post-operative period, postoperative complications and management were recorded and postsurgical complications were classified based on Clavien-Dindo classification. Result: In this study, out of the 200 included patients, 127 patients (63.5%) were male, 73 patients (36.5%) were female. The study found that Grade 2 complication was more common in minor surgery (33.5%), followed by Grade 1 (24.5%). Grade-I complications were more common in intermediate surgery (21.6%) and Major surgery (II) (83.3%). Major plus surgery (43.2%) had the most common Grade-II complications (43.2%), followed by Grade-IIIb (17.2%). In elective surgery (41.2%), Grade-II complications were higher (41.2%), while Grade-IIIb complications were more common in emergency surgery (requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiological intervention under general anesthesia), which was statistically significant (p< 0.001). 6.5% of patients developed disability and the majority were in the major surgery group. Conclusion: The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications can be used in both elective and emergency surgery patients. BUPA Score is a simple and easier method to classify complexity of surgery and we can easily correlate the complexity of surgery and complications with the Clavien Dindo Classification.