LEADERSHIP COMPETENCE AND CHALLENGES OF SCHOOL HEADS IN THE SCHOOLS DIVISION OF THE CITY OF ILAGAN: BASIS FOR UPGRADING INTERVENTION PROGRAM

This study examined the leadership competence and challenges encountered by school heads in public elementary schools within the Schools Division of the City of Ilagan, in terms of the five domains of the Philippine Professional Standards for School Heads (PPSSH). It aimed to assess the competence levels of school heads as perceived by both themselves and their teachers, determine the extent of challenges faced, and explore the relationship between their profile variables and leadership performance. Using a descriptive survey design, the study involved 75 school heads and 300 randomly selected teachers. Data were gathered through a validated questionnaire based on the PPSSH. Descriptive statistics and inferential tools such as ANOVA and Pearson r were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that most school heads were aged 41–48, predominantly female, held positions as Head Teachers or Teachers-in-Charge, had over 10 years of experience, and led small schools. Overall, they were rated competent across all PPSSH domains, with notable strengths in vision promotion, financial management, and recognition systems. However, areas like school planning, research innovation, instructional supervision, and communication showed room for growth. Challenges were generally manageable, with moderate concerns in leadership development, records management, and managing diverse learners. The study concluded that while school heads demonstrate core leadership competencies, certain areas require targeted support. The findings underscore the need for sustained professional development and an upgraded intervention program to enhance leadership effectiveness and improve educational outcomes in the division.