Protaphidius nawaii

Protaphidius nawaii (Ashmead, 1906) Aclitus nawaii Ashmead, 1906: 188. Aphidius nawaii Watanabe, 1957: 2. Protaphidius wissmannii Starý, 1958: 88-90. Protaphidius nawaii Starý & Schlinger, 1967: 105-107. Materials Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 female; occurrenceID: 5B79443B-CFA4-58D8-A3E2-7B96E39AC4AB; Taxon: scientificName: Protaphidius nawaii Ashmead, 1906; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Braconidae; genus: Protaphidius; specificEpithet: nawaii; taxonRank: species; Location: higherGeography: East Asia; country: South Korea; countryCode: KR; stateProvince: Gangwon-do; municipality: Inje-gun; locality: Girin-myeon; Identification: identificationRemarks: reared from Stomaphis sp. on Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb., 1850 (Fagacceae).; Event: eventDate: 17 Jul 2021.; Record Level: type: dried specimen; institutionCode: KSNU, Kunsan National University Diagnosis Female from South Korea. Length of body in lateral view 9.3 mm (Fig. 3 A). Length of antennae 2.2 mm (Fig. 3 B) and fore wing 1.8 mm (Fig. 3 J). Head. Head transverse (width / median length in dorsal view = 2.1), with sparse long setae. Eye large (length eye / temple in dorsal view = 2.6), oval, sparsely setose (Fig. 3 G). Face with sparse setae, width / height ratio 2.1 (Fig. 3 D). Tentorial index 0.7 (Fig. 3 D). Clypeus oval with 9 long setae. Malar space 0.5 times as long as longitudinal eye diameter (Fig. 3 D). Antenna 25 - segmented (Fig. 3 B). F 1 equal to F 2 (Fig. 3 C). F 1 and F 2 1.6 x and 1.7 × their basal width, respectively. F 1 and F 2 with five longitudinal placodes (Fig. 3 C). Maxillary palp with four palpomeres, labial palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 3 D). Mesosoma. Mesopleuron with precoxal sulcus (= prepectal carina) at anterior half (Fig. 3 K). Dorsal surface of mesoscutum sparsely setose along the dorsolateral part on each side (Fig. 3 E). Scutellum without scutellar sulcus carina (Fig. 3 E); nearly triangular, bearing 6 long setae (Fig. 3 E). Propodeum transverse (Fig. 3 F). Pterostigma broad (pterostigma length / width = 2.5), anterior third of the pterostigma colorless and a vertical colorless region runs along this point on the fore wing (Fig. 3 J). Pterostigma longer than vein R 1 (= metacarpus) (length pterostigma / vein R 1 = 1.4). Veins r and 3 RSa distinctly present. Veins 3 RSb and 3 M extended, but not reaching wing margin, vein r-m weakly sclerotised, colorless. Vein m-cu extended to center of fore wing. Vein 2 CUb apically curved upward, not reaching wing margin (Fig. 3 J). Legs sparsely setose. Fore femur maximum length / width = 5.5; tibia maximum length / width = 8.4, with one tibial spur; fore femur length equal to fore tibia; fore basitarsus long (fore tarsus / fore basitarsus = 2.3). Tibia of middle and hind legs with two tibial spurs. Hind femur maximum length / width = 5.0; hind tibia maximum length / width = 11.5, hind femur shorter than hind tibia (hind femur / hind tibia length = 0.6); hind basitarsus long (hind tarsus / hind basitarsus = 2.3) (Fig. 3 O). Metasoma. Petiole elongated (petiole length / width at level of spiracles = 3.1) (Fig. 3 H, I), curved in lateral view; anterior and lateral parts of petiole rugose, median-dorsal part with vertical lines (Fig. 3 H, I); metasomal tergites 2 and 3 fused; metasomal tergite 4 and the following tergites are distinctly tubiform and telescoped (Fig. 3 L, M). Ovipositor sheath slightly downwards (Fig. 3 N). Color. Antenna brown and tips of each flagellomere dark brown. Head brown; face, clypeus and mouth-parts dark brown. Both anterior and posterior ends of pterostigma with vertical colorless region on fore wing. Mesosoma and dorsal view of metasoma dark brown; petiole brown, with dark brown spot behind of spiracles on each side. Metasomal tergite 4 and the following tergites brown. Legs brown with dark apices. Biology A solitary endoparasitoid of Stomaphis sp. [Quercus mongolica] (in this study), S. aphananthae [Aphananthe aspera], S. japonica [Quercus acutissima], S. maloti [Mallotus japonicus], S. yanonis [Celtis sinensis, Zelkova serrata]. Notes We examined several specimens of P. wissmannii at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, Netherlands), but due to image quality issues, these were not included in this paper. According to Yamamoto et al. (2020) and Staverløkk et al. (2022), the morphological diversity and species boundaries within the group remain unclear. Further studies incorporating molecular techniques, along with assessments of morphological variation and ecological traits, are needed to investigate the existence of potential cryptic species. A re-description of the type specimen can be found in Starý and Schlinger (1967). Sequences from the South Korea specimen are provided here (Suppl. material 2).