Integrated Structural Design for Buildings Resilient to Both Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards in Coastal Seismic Zones

Coastal areas that are located along seismically active zones are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis occurring at the same time. Conventional design methods frequently handle these risks separately, which could result in structures that don't function well under combined loading scenarios. In order to increase a building's resistance to seismic and tsunami effects, this study proposes an integrated design process. The study identifies critical vulnerabilities and suggests creative design solutions by applying sophisticated simulation tools, analyzing case studies, and conducting a thorough examination of the body of current literature. The results highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy that successfully reduces hazards by integrating structural, geotechnical, and architectural factors. For engineers and legislators working to protect coastal towns from these two threats, the suggested framework is a useful tool.