Spindle Cell Lipoma in the Supraglottic Region of the Larynx: A Case Report

Abstract A lipoma is a common benign tumor of soft tissues, characterized by the proliferation of mature adipose cells. However, its occurrence in the larynx is extremely rare, representing less than 1% of benign tumors in this region. Among the less common variants, the spindle cell lipoma stands out for its peculiar characteristic: it is predominantly composed of spindle-shaped (or elongated) cells, rather than the typical adipocytes. This rare variant may present diagnostic challenges due to its different appearance and the possibility of being confused with other mesenchymal neoplasms, such as fibromas or leiomyomas. The clinical presentation of spindle cell lipoma can vary. Patients with small tumors may be asymptomatic, while those with larger tumors may experience symptoms such as hoarseness, dysphagia, dyspnea, and a foreign body sensation. Accurate identification is achieved through immunohistochemical examination and histological analysis, which confirm the presence of spindle cells and exclude other similar conditions. The standard treatment involves complete surgical excision, which generally results in a good prognosis with a low recurrence rate, although follow-up is important to detect possible recurrences or atypical features. The low-grade myxoid mesenchymal neoplasm, a rare condition, can also be confused with spindle cell lipoma. It is characterized by a predominantly myxoid stroma and low mitotic activity, presenting a gelatinous and mucous-like component. Understanding the clinical and pathological features of spindle cell lipoma is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Early recognition of this variant and proper treatment helps prevent complications and improve the prognosis for patients. Keywords: Spindle Cell; Supraglottic; Larynx; Lipoma