Effect of Hydrocotyle Bonariensis on Streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus Type II in Rats

This study evaluates the antioxidant potential of Hydrocotyle bonariensis (a traditional medicinal plant) in alleviating oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetic models were created using a high-fat diet and low-dose STZ (35 mg/kg), followed by a 4-week dietary intervention with H. bonariensis-incorporated feed. Proximate analysis revealed the plant’s composition (54.76% carbohydrates, 15.05% protein, 12.19% fiber) and bioactive phytochemicals (flavonoids, alkaloids). Results showed elevated lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde: 6.17 µmol/g liver, 3.03 µmol/g kidney) in diabetic rats, which decreased significantly with H. bonariensis treatment (1.90 µmol/g liver, 3.03 µmol/g kidney). While the plant reduced oxidative damage, it did not normalize hyperglycemia. Diabetic rats lost 41.2% body weight, whereas treated groups exhibited gradual recovery. The study concludes that H. bonariensis may serve as an adjunct therapy for diabetes-related oxidative complications, though further research is needed to isolate active compounds and optimize dosing.