Health Outcomes of Goiter in Otolaryngology and Evaluation of Logistic Regression Results in Patients

Background: In the domain of otolaryngology, goiter—defined as an enlargement of the thyroid gland-is a prevalent condition. Given the prevalence of associated symptoms and the potential ramifications, goiter can exert a considerable adverse impact on a patient's quality of life. Aim: Through logistic regression analysis, this study aimed to identify the risk factors affecting the health outcomes of goiter patients. Methods: Over the duration of a 12-month follow-up period, 90 patients with goiter from various hospitals in Iraq participated in a cross-sectional research. Analysis was done on postoperative outcomes, clinical symptoms, surgical procedures, and demographic information. Risk variables for surgical complications as well as overall satisfaction were assessed using logistic regression. Results: Swallowing difficulties (33.3%) and neck swelling (70.8%) are the most prevalent signs. Multinodular goiter was the most prevalent kind (55.6%). After surgery, 88.9% of patients were satisfied overall, and 87.8% of patients reported no postoperative complications. Both sex and age significantly influenced the results, with older patients showing a greater risk in complications (OR: 1.05). Conclusions: Goiter has a major impact on patients' mental and physical health. With controllable complication rates, surgical intervention produces a high satisfaction rate. Better preoperative evaluations and treatment techniques can be influenced by the identification of risk factors using logistic regression