The potential of cocoa bean extract (Theobroma cacao L.) Lindak variety on increasing the number of osteocyte cells in tension area in orthodontic tooth movement

Nowadays, many people experience malocclusion. The incidence of malocclusion can be reduced by providing orthodontic treatment to sufferers. During orthodontic treatment, various inflammatory mediators, which are one of the primary sources of increased Reactive Oxygen Species, which can damage the structure and function of osteoblasts so that they cannot differentiate into osteocytes. Giving cocoa bean extract can play a role in increasing the number of osteocytes in tension area. This study aims to analyze the potential of cocoa bean extract in increasing the number of osteocytes in the tension area during orthodontic tooth movement on 7 and 14 days. This research is a laboratory experimental type with the research subjects being 36 male which divided into three main groups, namely C-: without any treatment, C+: with only NiTi Closed Coil Spring application, CX: with cocoa bean extract and NiTi Closed Coil Spring application. NiTi Closed Coil Spring installation was carried out on the RA and M-1 RA incisors to move the M-1 RA mesially. The rats were euthanized after 7 and 14 days of treatment; then preparations were made using HE staining, and the number of osteocytes was counted. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in the number of osteocytes in the treatment group, as indicated by the results of calculating the average number of osteocytes in each group. It can be concluded that cocoa bean extract has the potential to increase the number of osteocytes in the tension area during orthodontic tooth movement.