Lung Fibrosis after Covid-19: A Case Series on Risk, Radiological Findings, and Treatment Outcomes.

Abstract Background: COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been associated with a spectrum of pulmonary complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and long-term sequelae such as lung fibrosis. Post-COVID lung fibrosis, characterized by persistent dyspnea, reduced lung function, and fibrotic changes on imaging, has emerged as a significant concern, particularly in severely ill patients. Objective: This case series highlights the clinical presentations, imaging findings, management, and outcomes of three patients who developed post-COVID lung fibrosis. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of three male patients aged 36 to 84 who were hospitalized for severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Detailed clinical, radiographic, and therapeutic data were collected, and follow-up outcomes were assessed. Results: All patients presented with severe respiratory symptoms and significant ground-glass opacities on initial imaging. Despite receiving comprehensive COVID-19 management, including oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, and pulmonary rehabilitation, fibrotic changes were evident in all cases. Advanced age, severe illness, and comorbid conditions were identified as potential risk factors for post-COVID lung fibrosis. Outcomes varied from mild residual dyspnea to persistent oxygen dependency, with one patient lost to follow-up. Conclusion: This case series emphasizes the need for early identification and management of post-COVID lung fibrosis. Long-term follow-up and research are crucial to better understand its pathophysiology, risk factors, and therapeutic options.