Blood pressure and anaesthetic use in dentistry: safety and recommendations

Blood pressure (BP) is a key indicator of cardiovascular health, and its control is particularly important in the dental intervention setting where different types of anesthesia are used. This article examines the relationship between blood pressure and the use of anesthesia in dentistry, and reviews safety and recommendations for patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of local and general anesthesia on blood pressure levels in patients and to develop recommendations to ensure the safety of dental procedures. The study analyzed BP changes during and after dental procedures using different types of anesthesia, identified risk groups among patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, and studied protocols to minimize the risks of complications associated with BP changes. It has been determined that local anesthesia with adrenaline can cause a transient increase in BP, especially in patients with uncompensated hypertension. According to studies, the use of anesthetics without adrenaline has shown less effect on BP. General anesthesia has a more significant effect on BP, including both increases and decreases, which requires careful monitoring. Patients with cardiovascular disease require special monitoring and possibly adjustment of anesthetic doses. Preliminary examination and stabilization of BP before dental procedures are recommended. The administration of anesthesia should be carried out under blood pressure control with the possibility of immediate medical attention if necessary. Accordingly, the use of anesthesia in dentistry requires careful management of patients with high BP and cardiovascular disease. Adequate blood pressure management when using anesthesia in dentistry is a critical aspect to ensure patient safety. Implementation of appropriate guidelines and protocols will minimize risks and improve the quality of dental care for patients with different BP values.