Shanaya Rajgopal, Ramaiah, Rai, Dey, Singaravel & Meshram, 2025, gen. nov.

Shanaya gen. nov. (Figs 2 & 3) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 56A27BBA-C74D-411E-8921-4BC10E77CCAA Type Species: Shanaya spatulata sp. nov., here designated. Medium sized (4.1 to 4.5mm), body dorso-ventrally flattened, vertex yellow, shagreen anteriorly with small two to six reddish-brown or yellow spots arranged in a linear fashion on the anterior margin, and two reddish-orange spots on either side of the coronal suture (Fig. 2A–C). Face flattened, frontoclypeus black, shagreen, tumid anteriorly in profile with transverse carina and brown stripe, the area between inner margin of eyes and lateral frontal suture black. Clypellus brown, tumid with clypellar suture arcuate, with straight lateral margins or slightly diverging toward apex. Lora half brown posteriorly (Fig. 2D). Anterior margin of pronotum with many irregularly shaped reddish-orange spots. Scutellum anteriorly bright yellow, below scutellar suture with inverted T- shaped dark brown mark (Fig. 2C). Head is slightly narrower or subequal to the pronotum. Crown 1.7x broader than its length, smooth, produced, sharply depressed and concave medially; ocelli situated on anterior margin, more than 2X own diameter away from eyes. Antennae 1.05–1.5x longer than head width between eyes, antennal base near antero-dorsal corners of eyes, pits shallow, ledges weakly developed. Pronotum in profile strongly convex, declivous anteriorly, 2x as broad as long, anterior margin arcuate; posterior margin angled concave with lateral carina (Fig. 2C). Scutellum 1.1x longer than its width and 1.2x longer than pronotum, with transverse depression distinct; area distad of transverse depression distinctly elevated posteriorly, without sharp lateral edge (Fig. 2A, C). Forewing rounded apically, apices overlapping on appendix and part of the inner apical cell. Brown irroration throughout except outer apical cell and appendix, one extra-costal vein basad R1. Vein R1 diverging distad of RP fork, three anteapical and four apical cells where outer anteapical cell is with or without m-cu2 cross-vein. Outer anteapical cell large, either divided or not divided by cross veins. Inner anteapical cell either open or closed basally. One cross vein present between Pcu-claval suture. Appendix well developed, restricted to the anal margin (Fig. 2A–B, I). Hindwing submarginal vein complete, m-cu cross vein subapical (Fig. 2J). Fore femur, with one long stout AM1 seta, IC row with 11–12 thin setae, AV setae absent (Fig. 2E). Fore tibia with dorsal surface rounded (Fig. 2F), 4 macrosetae in row PD, one apical seta in row AD, 12–14 dense and long AV setae (Fig. 2F). Middle femur with AD1and PD1 setae. Middle tibia flattened with long AD, PD and PV setae (Fig. 2G). Hind femur with setal formula 2+2+1; broadened distally with sparsely arranged setae (Fig. 2H). Hind tibia flattened, distally dark brown, jet black near tarsal segment, tibial row AD and PD with long macrosetae, AV with macrosetae, PV with numerous long tapered setae, tarsomere II & III 1/2 length of tarsomere I (Fig. 2H). Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view longer than broad, dorsal margin sinuate with a bifurcated dorsal process (Fig. 3A–B); postero-ventrally with 2 to 10 dense dark thickened setae, below which with 8–15 marginal microsetae; 2–7 macrosetae near postero-dorsal margin (Fig. 3A). Subgenital plate broad basally, with an oblique uniseriate row of macrosetae restricted to basal half, narrowed from mid-posteriorly, less sclerotized, with numerous tiny spinelike setae on ventral surface and margins; in lateral view often reaching pygofer apex (Fig. 3F). Connective inverted Yshaped, stem and arms subequal (Fig. 3D). Style with digitate preapical lobe, slender apophysis, and short, beak-like extension at the apex (Fig. 3C). Aedeagus compressed (laterally flattened); with processes; well-developed dorsal apodeme, 0.5x as long as shaft, broad at apex; gonopore ventro-apical (Fig. 3D–E). Female. External morphology as in generic description. (Fig. 4). The female is known only from S. spatulata. Female genitalia. Valvulae I dorsally curved, uniformly wide throughout the length and tapering apically with strigate sculpturing arising basally one-third extending up to apex, strigae oblique (Fig. 4D–E). Valvulae II slightly curved dorso-ventrally, elevated toothed area medially, not preceded by hyaline area, well developed teeth with secondary dentition are prominently spaced in the basal two third, but more compact in distal one third of the toothed area (Fig. 4F–G). Etymology. The genus epithet is named after Dr. Naresh M. Meshram’s daughter, “ Shanaya ”, gender feminine. Remarks. This genus is similar in male genitalia and external morphology to Mohunia Distant. Similar morphological characters are: presence of red or orange markings on head and pronotum, hindwing with complete submarginal vein; and male genitalia with dorsal pygofer process and Y shaped connective (present in Mohunia bifurcata), style with well-developed pre-apical lobe (present in M. splendens and M. modesta), aedeagus simple with apical gonopore, or with paired processes (present in M. splendens). However, it can be easily distinguished from the latter by presence of reddish-orange spots on the vertex and pronotum (stripes in Mohunia), forewings with brown irrorations (absent in Mohunia as well as in all other described genera), claval vein connected with cross vein (absent in Mohunia), hindwing vein R4+5 and M1+2 not confluent preapically (confluent in Mohunia), pygofer dorsal appendages more sclerotised, fork like and directed antero-posteriorly (less sclerotised, directed antero-ventrally in Mohunia), pygofer with modified thickened setae, subgenital plate without long hairy setae (present in M. modesta), aedeagal shaft laterally flattened with pair of basal or medio-lateral process (absent in M. bifurcata and M. modesta). S. spatulata gen. nov. superficially resembles some members of the tribe Penthimiini (e.g., Chanohirata spp., Reticuluma spp., and Uzelina spp.) due to the presence of paired spots on the pronotum and irrorate markings on the forewings but differs in genus characteristics and male genitalia.