Mixed-Signal Design and Implementation of CMOS Image Sensor

In today’s era, the use of electronic imaging goes beyond conventional photography. It includesArtificial Intelligence (AI) vision, autonomous driving, scientific, space and medicalimaging, as well as photon counting for scientific instrumentation. The development of modernsolid-state imaging started with the invention of the Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) devicein 1969. CCD-based imaging reached its peak in the early 2000s with high-end digicams andscientific imaging devices. Contemporary to this, there happened the invention of the CMOStransistor in 1963. With continual improvement in terms of the efficient manufacturing process,miniaturization,on-chip integration, power consumption, and noise performance, the CISbegin to surpass CCD imagers specifically in terms of performance and power efficiency in thelate 2000s.This plethora of imaging applications equipped