Neuroprotective potential of paddy rice: Advancing nutritional and therapeutic strategies for brain health

Paddy rice has gained attention beyond its role as a staple food, now recognized for its neuroprotective properties due to its rich phytochemical content. Compounds like tocotrienols, gamma-oryzanol, and phenolic acids in paddy rice exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroregenerative properties. These compounds help reduce oxidative stress, manage neuroinflammation, balance neurotransmitter function, and promote neurogenesis, supporting overall brain health and potentially delaying neurodegenerative processes. Components like gamma-oryzanol and ferulic acid show promise in decreasing neuroinflammation and enhancing dopaminergic function, suggesting therapeutic potential for conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Research indicates paddy rice bioactives can improve cognitive function and neural resilience, underscoring their therapeutic value for neurological disorders. Further studies are required to validate these findings in clinical settings, explore optimal dosages, and enhance bioavailability. This review summarizes recent research, highlighting the promising effects of paddy rice-derived nutraceuticals and emphasizing the importance of bridging lab discoveries with practical medical applications through comprehensive research efforts.