Development Patterns and Transport Network Analysis (TNA) across Wards in Howrah City for urban growth estimation

Urban development relies on the efficiency and structure of transportation networks, which play a crucial role in connectivity, accessibility, and regional growth. This study analyses the development patterns and transport network connectivity across wards in Howrah City, West Bengal, to estimate urban growth using GIS-based methods. Key network indices such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Eta, Theta, Pi, Detour, and Cyclomatic were computed to assess the spatial and structural characteristics of the transport system. The findings reveal significant spatial disparities, with the northeastern regions exhibiting higher connectivity and better-developed networks, while the western areas face moderate to low connectivity. The results underscore the potential of GIS-based Transportation Network Analysis (TNA) to guide urban planners and policymakers in designing equitable and efficient transport infrastructure. This research bridges the gap between theoretical frameworks and practical applications, providing a pathway for sustainable urban development.