Histopathological Analysis of Testicular Lesions in Tertiary Care Center

Introduction:Testicular tumors are relatively rare malignancies that primarily affect young men, typically between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Testicular lesions requiring orchidectomy can be both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. Non-neoplastic lesions are more prevalent than neoplastic ones. Incidence rates of testicular tumors show considerable geographical variation, and interestingly, they exhibit aninverse pattern to most cancers, with decreasing incidence as age increases. Surgical removal of the affected testis (orchiectomy) remains the cornerstone of treatment, often followed by chemotherapy or radiation, depending on the stage and histology. Material and Method: This was a retrospective study, in which total 30 testicular cases were retrieved from database between July 2022 to June 2023, in the department of pathology, SMIMER, Surat. Results: There was a total of 30 specimens received in the department of pathology, during the study period. 30%(9 specimen) of the total specimen does not have definite diagnosis(descriptive), 16.6% (5 specimen) was of torsion of testis, 13.3% (4 specimen) was of cryptorchidism, 6.6% (2 specimen) was of atrophy of testis, 6.6% (2 specimen) was of inflammation of testis, 6.6%(2 specimen) was of granulomatous inflammation of testis, 6.6% (2 specimen) was of ectopic testis, 3.3% (1 specimen) was of classic seminoma, 3.3% (1 specimen) was of spermatolytic tumor, 3.3%(1 specimen) was of Leydig cell tumor, 3.3% (1 specimen) was of Germ cell tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) - mixed Germ cell tumor- Teratoma- post pubertal type (Immature teratoma) (70%) + Yolk sac tumor (30%). Conclusion: Testicular tumors are uncommon in our population.Non-neoplastic lesions are more prevalent than neoplastic ones. According to new WHO classification 2022 5 th edition there are new changes. These are the changes. Spermatocytic tumor and seminoma both are germ cell tumors. Spermatocytic tumor is included in Germ cell tumor unrelated to germ cell neoplasia in situ. Seminoma is included in Germ cell tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS).