EVALUATING ANTIBIOTIC PRESCRIBING TRENDS FOR PAEDIATRIC INPATIENTS IN A PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN DHARMAPURI DISTRICT: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Background: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed in paediatric medicine, often leading to inappropriate use that contributes to antimicrobial resistance and adverse drug reactions. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic prescribing trends among paediatric inpatients at a private hospital in Dharmapuri District, emphasizing the need for rational prescribing practices. Methods: This observational, retrospective study was conducted over six months in the paediatric department of a 100-bed private hospital, involving 100 patients aged 0 to 12 years, selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using case record forms and analyzed statistically with SPSS software. Results: The demographic analysis revealed a male-to-female ratio of 73% to 27%. The most affected age group was 5–7 years (30%). Diagnoses varied, with acute gastroenteritis and acute bacillary dysentery each affecting 11% of patients. Notably, a significant proportion of cases resulted in antibiotic prescriptions, indicating patterns of usage that necessitate scrutiny. Discussion: The findings underline a concerning trend of antibiotic prescriptions in paediatric patients, often without clear indications. This highlights the need for targeted strategies to enhance antibiotic stewardship, ensuring that prescriptions are justified and based on culture sensitivity tests. Conclusion: The study indicates a need for improved prescribing practices within paediatric care. Implementing evidence-based guidelines and conducting regular audits can help mitigate unnecessary antibiotic use, ultimately reducing the risk of antimicrobial resistance and its associated complications. Keywords: Antibiotic prescribing, antimicrobial resistance, retrospective study, rational use of antibiotics