Clinicopathological Study of Parotid Tumors in Odisha

Background: Salivary gland neoplasms are uncommon. Constitute 2-6.5% of all head and neoplasms and only 0.3% of all malignancies. About 64-80% of all primary epithelial tumors occur in parotid gland, 7-11% of the submandibular glands, less than 1% in the sublingual gland and 9-23% in the minor glands. 15-30% of tumors in the parotid gland are malignant in contrast to about 40% in the submandibular gland. Delayed presentation and malignant transformation invades facial nerve and causing facial palsy and becomes non-operable. 80% of parotid tumors are located in the superficial lobe. Deep lobe neoplasms are considered to have greater incidence of malignancy. Parotid tumors are not uncommon in Southern Odisha referred from various rural hospitals to M.K.C.G. Medical College & Hospital, Berhampur. Aim: is to determine clinical / pathological variants of different parotid tumors presenting in M.K.C.G. Medical College & Hospital, Southern Odisha. Method: 40 cases of parotid swelling admitted to this Hospital from 2021 to 2023. A prospective study was done with ethical clearance from ethical committee of M.K.C.G. Medical College & Hospital, Berhampur. All patients were evaluated with proper investigation like FNAC, X-ray of neck and parotid region, Ultrasonography of swelling, CT Scan & MRI of parotid swelling and neck were done. Surgery was done and all patients were asked for follow up routinely. Observation: Benign tumors are more common in 20 to 50 years of age and malignancy tumors are common after 50 years. Male Female ratio is 1:2.6. In benign tumors M: F ratio is 1: 2.8 and in malignant tumors M: F ratio is 1: 2. Incidence of benign tumor is 85% and malignant tumor is 15%. Pleomorphic adenoma is the commonest benign tumor and mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the commonest malignant tumor. Conclusion: Diagnosis Parotid gland tumors must be considered in any patient presenting with Parotid gland swelling. Swelling is the commonest symptom. The fact that mass has been present for several years is of no guarantee that it is benign. History and physical examination complementing FNAC help in diagnosis and has good accuracy in diagnosing parotid gland tumors. Surgery is the main modality of treatment in Parotid gland tumors.