Report on the advances in sound measurement methods

This document, Deliverable 9.9 of the MINKE project, titled “Advances in Sound Measurement Methods,” provides an in-depth exploration of methodologies for enhancing underwater sound measurements. Task 9.6 focuses on improving data quality and measurement reliability in underwater acoustics, aligning with the objectives of Work Package 9. The deliverable outlines a comprehensive approach, including inventories of off-the-shelf devices, advanced statistical methods for ambient noise estimation, validation methodologies for ocean noise models, and intercomparison exercises for acoustic devices. Key findings highlight the critical need for metrological frameworks, robust calibration, and standardized methods to ensure high-quality acoustic data collection and analysis. The document concludes by proposing future directions for the integration of advanced algorithms, machine learning, and metrology-driven practices to enhance acoustic observation systems and their utility in marine ecosystem monitoring.