A Retrospective Clinicopathological Study of Odontogenic Cyst and Tumors: An Institute-Based Study at Pondicherry

Abstract Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and radiological presentation of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry (MGPGIDS), collecting data on histopathologically diagnosed cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors from January 2000 to December 2022. The data concerning the incidence of odontogenic cysts and tumors, age, gender, clinical presentation, anatomic location, and radiographic findings were retrieved from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology records. Results: Among a total of 3,627 biopsies, 432 (11.9%) were the odontogenic cysts (OC) and 86 (2.37%) were the odontogenic tumors (OT). Among 432 cases of odontogenic cysts, 11 cases were excluded because of a lack of adequate data, and the remaining 421 cases (11.6%) were included in the study. The mean age of patients having an odontogenic cyst was 31 years and having an odontogenic tumor was 35.6 years, the mandible was the most common site of occurrence and the swelling was the most common clinical presentation. The common radiographic presentation of the odontogenic cyst and odontogenic tumors was unilocular and multilocular radiolucency respectively. Conclusions: The present study assessed the demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of odontogenic cysts and tumors for 23 years. Our findings indicated that odontogenic cysts occurred more frequently than odontogenic tumors. Radicular cysts and ameloblastoma were the most common odontogenic cysts and tumors.