HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEBUGARAN KARDIORESPIRASI (VO₂MAX), KUALITAS TIDUR DAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH PADA POPULASI DEWASA MUDA : ANALISIS PERBEDAAN GENDER

Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂Max), sleep quality, and body composition are key indicators of health in young adults. However, the interplay among these factors-particularly in the context of gender differences-remains underexplored, despite the potential influence of biological and sociocultural disparities on health intervention outcomes. To analyze the relationships among VO₂Max, sleep quality, and body composition, and to identify significant gender differences within an urban young adult population. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 128 participants (96 males, 32 females) aged 18-25 years. VO₂Max was assessed using the Bleep Test, sleep quality via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and body composition with the Tanita MC-980U. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation, independent t-tests, and multivariate linear regression. Males demonstrated higher VO₂Max (32,5 vs. 25,1 mL/kg/min) and greater muscle mass (46,2% vs. 34,7%), whereas females exhibited higher body fat percentage (17,8% vs. 8,1%) and poorer sleep quality (68% with PSQI scores >5). A strong positive correlation was found between VO₂Max and muscle mass (r = 0,72), and negative correlations with body fat (r = -0,65) and PSQI score (r = -0,58). Muscle mass emerged as the strongest predictor of VO₂Max (β = 0,62). These findings highlight the importance of gender-specific approaches in health interventions, such as resistance-aerobic training programs for women and stress management strategies for men. The limitations of the cross-sectional design and sample imbalance warrant consideration in future research. This study advocates for the integration of fitness screening in primary health policies and recommends longitudinal investigations employing objective measurement tools.