Dichotomius nisus

Dichotomius nisus (Olivier, 1789) Fig. 41B Scarabaeus nisus Olivier, 1789: 139 (original description). Type locality: French Guiana. Name-bearing type: lectotype (MNHN), designated by Cassenote et al. (2020), examined by FZVM. Pinotus garbei Luederwaldt, 1922: 11 (original description). Type locality: French Guiana: Cayenne. Name-bearing type: lectotype (MZSP), designated by Cassenote et al. (2020), examined by FZVM. Pinotus taunay var. pilosus Luederwaldt, 1931b: 303 (original description). Type locality: Brazil: São Paulo: “Alto da Serra”. Name-bearing type: holotype by monotypy (MZSP), not examined. Copris nisus – Olivier 1790: 166 (list, characteristics). — Fabricius 1801: 44 (list, comments). — Nunes & Vaz-de-Mello 2019: 2239 (comments). Copris (Selenocopris) nisus – Burmeister 1846: unpaged [p. 93 of 220] (key). Pinotus nisus – Harold 1869c: 141 (list, revision). — Candèze 1891: 330 (list). — Gillet 1911b: 61 (catalogue, cited for Guyana, Brazil, Argentina). — Luederwaldt 1914: 369 (comments); 1929: 84 (key, comments, cited for Brazil). — Blackwelder 1944: 207 (list, distribution). Pinotus garbei – Luederwaldt 1929: 84 (synonym of D. nisus). Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) nisus – Martínez 1951: 140 (comments). — Roze 1955: 44 (checklist for Venezuela). — Halffter & Matthews 1966: 98 (comments). — Blanco 1988: 40–41 (catalogue, comments). — Escobar 2000: 208 (checklist for Colombia). — Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 193 (checklist for Brazil). — Krajcik 2006: 54 (list); 2012: 91 (list, cited for “Cayenne”). — Pulido-Herrera et al. 2007: 307 (cited for Andean region of Colombia). — Feer 2008: 56, 62 (ecology). — Larsen et al. 2008: 1294 (list). — Medina & Pulido-Herrera 2009: 60 (diversity). — Lozano 2010: 86 (list). — Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 109 (list). — Nunes & Vaz-de-Mello 2013: 411, 413, 416–418 (comments, fig. 2, key); 2019: 2238, 2240 (comments). — França et al. 2016: 2, 4 (list, comments). — Silva et al. 2016: 7 (ecology, biogeography). — Giraldo et al. 2018: 68 (guide). — Hielkema & Hielkema 2019: 55 (catalogue for the Guianas). — Pardo-Díaz et al. 2019: 1, 5, 7–8, 12–14 (comments). — Nieto et al. 2020: 136 (report). Scarabaeus nisus – Nunes & Vaz-de-Mello 2019: 2237, 2239 (comments). Dichotomius (Selenocopris) nisus – Cassenote et al. 2020: 2–6 (distribution, diagnosis). Material examined VENEZUELA ‒ Aragua • 4 specs; Cuyagua; 50 m a.s.l.; 6 Jul. 2004; D. García leg.; CEMT. ‒ Bolívar • 1 ♀; Rio Pargaza; 15 May 2004; D. Garcia leg.; CEMT. ‒ Táchira • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; La Fría, Hacienda La Libertad; 21 Jul. 1984; Joffre B. leg.; CEMT. Distribution Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. Subregions of Venezuela Coastal island, coastal mainland, Maracaibo Depression, System of hills and low sierras Lara-Falcón, System of hills and low piedmont mountains of the Guiana Shield, Andes mountains and Central Coast Mountain Range. Literature records Candèze 1891: 330 (Venezuela: Falcón: Corosal; and Carabobo: San-Esteban). — Roze 1955: 44 (Venezuela: Distrito Capital: Caracas; Aragua; and Nueva Esparta: Isla Margarita). — Blanco 1988: 40–41 (Venezuela: Táchira). — Larsen et al. 2008: 1294 (Venezuela: Bolívar: Lago Guri). — Lozano 2010: 86 (Venezuela: Zulia). — Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 109 (Venezuela: Aragua [Guárico]: Altagracia de Orituco). — França et al. 2016: 4 (Venezuelan dry forests and pastures). — Cassenote et al. 2020: 2 (Venezuela: Bolívar).