Impact of Alumina and Silicon Carbide Fillers on Epoxy/Glass Fiber Based Hybrid Composites' Dimensional Stability

This study investigates the effects of alumina and silicon carbide additives on the physical behavior of epoxy/glass fiber hybrid polymer composites. The introduction of these fillers at various concentrations aims to assess their influence on composite properties, crucial for applications requiring enhanced mechanical strength and moisture resistance. Method: Utilizing a systematic experimental approach, the research assesses the density, moisture content, water absorption, and linear swelling behaviors of composites formulated with varying concentrations of aluminium oxide and silicon carbide (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt.%). Results: The results indicate that composites without any fillers exhibit the highest density (2.708 g/cm³) and water absorption (1.5%), attributed to optimal resin-fiber bonding and poor compatibility between the matrix and fibers, respectively. Introduction of 2 wt. % filler reduces water absorption to 0.672% and decreases linear swelling due to the hydrophobic properties of silicon carbide. Conversely, increasing the filler content to 6 wt. % enhances moisture content, water absorption, and linear swelling, particularly due to the hydrophilic nature of aluminium oxide, impacting dimensional stability negatively. Conclusion: This research highlights the critical balance between filler content and composite properties, emphasizing the role of particulate type in influencing the performance characteristics of epoxy-based composites. These insights provide a foundation for designing fiber-reinforced composites tailored for specific industrial applications.