Success Rate of Apical Surgery: Evaluating EBA and MTA as Retrograde Filling Materials

BACKGROUND: Apical surgery is a viable choice for treating a tooth that has undergone endodontic treatment but still has persisting periapical lesions or symptoms. AIM OF STUDY: The current objective was to describe the role of apical surgery in the reduction of endodontic complications and its influence on the incidence of tooth fractures following surgical intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 73 patients who had undergone apical surgery with Super EBA and MTA as root canal filling materials were recruited for the study. The patients were aged between 20 and 60 years. Data were collected from clinics located in Baghdad, Iraq, during the period between July 2022 and September 2023. This data included both clinical and surgical data collected prior to surgery and again after surgery. In order to achieve the study objective, a number of different variables were recorded and distributed to all patients. These included complication rates, pain rates, and a fracture resistance scale. RESULTS: In terms of current findings, our study found that most class of patients who in ages (31 - 40) were 36.99% of total patients, males had 27.4% and females had 72.6%, rate of smokers were 24.66% of the total cases, the most symptoms were pain with 70 cases, swelling with 64 cases, maxillary anterior tooth was 61.64%, which those were the most types of tooth, lesion size included ≤5 mm with 26 cases and >5 mm with 47 cases. In terms of apical surgery outcomes, all patients were conducted apical surgery repaired with super-EBA, which included 73.97% of patients, and MTA included 26.03% of patients, where all patients were conducted apical surgery under local anesthesia. Also, the success rate of treatment was 91.78%, severe fracture resistance had 91.78% of total patients, where the rate of complications was 10.96%. CONCLUSION: The apical surgery had a satisfactory success rate, which has the potential to improve further with extended clinical and radiological monitoring. Apical surgery with EPA and MTA enrolled positive rates of satisfaction to the patient's teeth treatment, which a satisfaction rate get 91.78%, where success rates of Super-EBA material had 92.59% and success rates of MTA had 89.47%