Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of 2, 4, 5-Triphenylimidazole Compounds

Abstract: Imidazole is very popular heterocyclic compound which is five membered ring having two Nitrogen atoms. There are many moieties containing this Imidazole ring, of which 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole (TPI) is a compound with significant biological activities, and its synthesis using different methods is having great importance. The easier method of preparation of above said moiety (2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole) is by condensation reaction between benzil, benzaldehyde and ammonium acetate in presence of acidic catalyst. Hippuric acid showing some good result as a catalyst for the above said reaction. TPI is also synthesized by using Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles dissolved in ethanol is used as a catalyst to promote the reaction. The yield of product increased. Another method for the synthesis of 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole is using a microwave-assisted condensation reaction. In this approach, microwave radiation is used as an energy source to drive the reaction, which leads to the production of 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole in a shorter reaction time with higher product yield. The synthesis of 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole derivatives were achieved through condensation reactions with different carbonyl compounds resulting in substituted Triphenylimidazole derivatives with distinct biological activities. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion technique against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Structures were confirmed by using FT-IR