SUSTAINABLE METHOD FOR THE GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES WITH CLOVE AND NEEM EXTRACTS

This study explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and neem (Azadirachta indica) extracts as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional methods. Both extracts, rich in bioactive compounds like terpenoids and flavonoids, effectively acted as reducing and stabilizing agents. Clove extract at 1% concentration yielded nanoparticles with a UV Spectroscopy peak at 437 nm, indicative of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) absorption. Neem extract at 5% concentration resulted in nanoparticles with a peak at 446 nm. Notably, clove extract showed superior efficiency in nanoparticle synthesis. Interactions between the synthesized AgNPs and bismuth and lead salts were observed through shifts in UV spectra. For bismuth concentrations of 1ppm, 2ppm, and 5ppm, peaks were observed at 217 nm, 233 nm, and 230 nm, respectively. These spectral shifts suggest potential composite nanoparticle formation or surface modifications, highlighting the versatility of the synthesized AgNPs. The green synthesis approach offers benefits such as reduced environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, and safety by eliminating toxic chemicals. Potential applications of these AgNPs range from antimicrobial textiles and cosmetics to biomedical applications like wound healing and vaccine adjuvants. In summary, clove and neem extracts present a promising, sustainable method for nanoparticle production with multifaceted applications.