The Impact of Social Media on International Relations: The Role of Twitter (X), Facebook, and TikTok in Shaping International Narratives

This Master's thesis explores how social media platforms, specifically Twitter (X), Facebook, and TikTok are reshaping modern diplomacy, foreign policy, and international narratives. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines content analysis, sentiment analysis, and global case studies to examine the role of digital platforms in shaping public opinion, influencing political discourse, and supporting or undermining diplomatic efforts. Key theoretical frameworks include Agenda-Setting Theory, Framing Theory, and Network Theory, which help interpret how digital environments affect global interactions. Case studies include the U.S. elections, COVID-19 communication, the Russia-Ukraine war, and various diplomatic crises. The research also critically investigates the roles of misinformation, AI-driven algorithms, and ethical concerns surrounding digital diplomacy. This thesis provides valuable policy recommendations for governments, diplomats, and technology platforms on how to effectively and responsibly navigate international relations in the digital era. Keywords: Social Media, International Relations, Digital Diplomacy, Twitter (X), Facebook, TikTok, Misinformation, Agenda-Setting, AI, Global Governance, EUCLID University