Angioplastia ou endarterectomia para estenose de carótida por aterosclerose: uma revisão sistemática

Introduction: Atherosclerotic carotid stenosis is associated with a high risk of stroke, and treatmentaims to prevent complications. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) aretherapeutic options with different advantages, with CEA being more effective for severe stenosis andCAS serving as a less invasive alternative. Objective: To review the literature on carotid artery stentingand endarterectomy, highlighting indications, complications, and clinical outcomes to define the idealtreatment based on patient profiles. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted, selectingarticles from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SciELO databases, published up to 2024,focusing on complication rates and the efficacy of the methods. Results: CEA was more effective inpatients with severe symptomatic stenosis, with a complication rate of 3%, while CAS had a restenosisrate of 15%. For high­risk patients, CAS demonstrated faster recovery but required more frequentreinterventions due to late complications. Conclusion: CEA is preferred for severe and symptomaticstenosis, while CAS is indicated for patients with high surgical risk or complex anatomy.