Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Potash Alum (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O) in Water Treatment and Beyond

Potash alum, a double salt composed of potassium sulfate and aluminum sulfate, has long been recognized for its utility in various industrial applications, notably in water treatment, food processing, and medicine. This paper explores the synthesis, characterization, and diverse applications of potash alum, with particular emphasis on its role as a coagulant in wastewater treatment. The synthesis of potash alum, utilizing a double decomposition reaction, is examined, and the resulting product is characterized through solubility, pH measurements, and thermal analysis. The study also investigates the coagulation mechanism of potash alum in water treatment, highlighting its effectiveness in removing suspended solids and improving water clarity. The findings emphasize the environmental and economic advantages of using potash alum, while addressing limitations such as pH sensitivity and residual aluminum content in treated water.