A Review on Phytochemical and Formulation Approaches of Centella Asiatica and Acacia Arabica in Wound Healing Applications

Wound healing is a complex physiological process involving a series of coordinated cellular and molecular events aimed at tissue repair and regeneration. Herbal medicines have gained significant attention due to their bioactive constituents that offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties essential for efficient wound healing. This review highlights two ethnomedicinal plants, Centella asiatica and Acacia arabica, which possess potent wound healing capabilities supported by their rich phytochemical profiles. The ethanolic extracts of these plants (CASEE and AAEE) were prepared through optimized extraction techniques and further formulated into a novel polyherbal phytosomal gel using thin-layer hydration method. The phytosomal formulation exhibited enhanced vesicle size uniformity and high entrapment efficiency, contributing to improved drug stability and sustained release characteristics, as confirmed by physicochemical evaluations including particle size analysis, FTIR, and in vitro drug release kinetics. The gel matrix provided a suitable topical delivery system with favorable rheological and swelling properties, facilitating prolonged retention at the wound site. Stability studies further confirmed the robustness of the formulation under accelerated conditions. Collectively, the integration of phytosomal nanocarriers with the therapeutic potentials of Centella asiatica and Acacia arabica offers a promising, biocompatible, and natural alternative for advanced wound care management, potentially overcoming limitations associated with conventional therapies.