Results of research on adaptation strategies and reproductive capacity of Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC.

The article presents the results of studies on the reproductive system of Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. under the conditions of the steppe zone with elevated temperatures and moisture deficit, as well as in areas with a high level of anthropogenic influence. It was found that the size, sterility and morphological characteristics of pollen, as well as the number of seedpods, varied according to environmental factors. The proportion of sterile pollen reached 65 % under extreme conditions, which is associated with disturbances in tapetum development and dehydration of archesporium tissues. In areas of increased air pollution (near traffic routes and industrial facilities), the proportion of deformed pollen increased and its fertility decreased. At the same time, in more protected and isolated areas, fertility rates remained high (up to 96 %).