Histopathological Pattern of Endometrial Biopsies in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Gujarat

Abstract Background and Aims: Endometrial biopsies are obtained for a symptom called AUB (Abnormal Uterine Bleeding) which simply means bleeding that occurs outside the normal menstrual cycle. To determine the etiology of AUB, endometrial biopsy is proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool. The etiology of AUB can be attributed to structural as well as non-structural causes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the spectrum of histomorphological patterns in women with AUB amongst different age groups and parity. Materials and Methods: The study is carried out in Department of Pathology, on specimens received over one year period (July 2022 to June 2023). Total 165 samples of endometrial biopsies from women presenting with AUB is sent to Histopathology lab were analysed. Specimens received in compromised condition (Autolysis) were excluded from the study. Results: Most patients were in the age group of 41-50 years (46.7%), with normal cyclical finding as the most common histopathological finding. Malignant lesion was noted in 4.5% women with majority of them being older than 50 years. The second most common cause observed was Endometrial hyperplasia without Atypia. Structural causes were noted in 6 cases (3.6%). Conclusion: Normal cyclical changes account for the highest proportion of histopathological patterns. However, Endometrial hyperplasia and Malignancies are important causes of AUB among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Endometrial biopsy is proved to be highly effective in diagnosing premalignant and malignant cases.