Key Predictors of Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Insights from a Jordanian Cross-Sectional Study

Aims: This is the first study in Jordan that investigates the main demographic and health characteristics that determine the form of gallbladder disease, as well as the intraoperative and postoperative complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It also investigates post-cholecystectomy syndrome and risk variables among laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Methods: Data was collected using a validated questionnaire, patient interviews, and a thorough evaluation of available research and literature. Both primary and secondary data were carefully examined to ensure accurate results, with data cleaning based on precise inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 722 replies were collected from post-cholecystectomy patients. Gallstone spilling and biliary tract injuries were the most prevalent intraoperative complications, reported by 56.8% of patients. Age (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001), smoking (p = 0.008), and alcohol intake (p = 0.045) all had a significant correlation with complications. Overall, postoperative care was satisfactory, with 97.2% of patients undergoing early mobilization and 97.5% receiving sufficient pain relievers. 82.3% of patients reported symptoms of post-cholecystectomy syndrome, which included nausea, vomiting, heartburn, flatulence, diarrhea, and intermittent stomach discomfort, whereas 17.7% did not. Conclusion: Certain factors have been recognized as generating intraoperative and postoperative complications. Obesity, smoking, alcoholism, and comorbidities are some instances. The type of gallbladder disease, particularly acute cholecystitis and cholesterol stones is significant in predicting serious consequences. Gender, age, prior surgeries, and psychological factors have all been related to an increased risk of postoperative complications such as nausea, vomiting, and post-cholecystectomy syndrome.