Sinonasal Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report

Abstract Sinonasal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma are uncommon, extremely rare but aggressive neoplasm that can arise in the sinonasal region. The tumour usually occurs in the lungs, but extrapulmonary form may also be seen in the paranasal sinuses & nasal cavity. However, tumours of the paranasal sinuses are rare. Middle aged males are commonly affected. Tumour presents with a strong propensity for regional recurrence and distant metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis. Diagnosis is challenging and relies on immunohistochemical evaluation. There are no specific recommendations pertaining to the management but multimodal therapy is advocated. Most patients present at advanced stages due to the lack of significant symptoms. Here by reporting a case of sinonasal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in a female patient aged 45 years with clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, and immunohistochemistry.