Iphione readi Salazar-Vallejo & Piotrowski & Paulay 2024

Iphione readi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6FAE0FC9-1546-4ED0-BBC7-A187582753FB Figs 1A–C, 27–30, 36 Polynoe muricata: Savigny 1822: 21–22, Pl. 3, Fig. 1 (descr., partim). Eumolpe muricata: de Blainville 1828: 459, Pl. Chétopodes, Homocriciens Aphrodités, Fig. 1 (same figure from Savigny). Iphione muricata: Kinberg 1856: 383; Kinberg 1858: 8; Baird 1865: 181; de Quatrefages 1866: 266–268; Gravier 1901: 226– 231, Textfigs 232–239, Pl. 9, Figs 129–135 (redescr.); Potts 1910: 341; Fauvel 1932: 12–13; Fauvel 1933: 40–41; Fauvel 1935: 285–286; Day 1951: 14; Fauvel 1957: 3; Storch 1967: 148, pls. 1–4; Gibbs 1971: 123 (partim); Amoureux 1974: 430; Amoureux et al. 1978: 68; Pettibone 1986: 9–16, Figs 1–5 (syn. partim, no figures made after Red Sea specimens); Wehe 2006: 62–67, Fig. 8 (partim); Goren et al. 2017: 134–136, Fig. 2 (non Savigny in Lamarck, 1818). Type material. Red Sea, Saudi Arabia. Holotype (UF 6343), Farasan Islands, Shuma Island (16°39’24.48” N, 41°33’16.92” E), 025 m, 25 Oct. 2014, R. Lasley, J. Moore & D. Uyeno, coll. One paratype (UF 6340), Farasan Islands, Sarad Sarso (16°50’06.00” N,, 41°36’48.24” E), 0.25 m, 25 Oct. 2014, D. Uyeno, R. Lasley & J. Moore, coll. (bent ventrally, elytra yellowish, with darker posterior margins and macrotubercles, some with white epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest tubercles; not measured nor dissected to avoid further damage). COI barcode: GenBank PQ423939. One paratype (UF 6360), Farasan Islands, Dumsuq Island (16°33’50.76” N, 42°03’30.6” E), 0–25 m, 26 Oct. 2014, R. Lasley, J. Moore & D. Uyeno, coll. (slightly bent ventrally, elytra with barely defined oblique dark bands, and darker areas along middorsal marginal portions, some with calcareous epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest tubercles; fimbriae often as long as macrotubercles along lateral margins; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body 14 mm long, 9.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). COI barcode: GenBank PQ423940. Additional material Red Sea, Gulf of Suez. Four specimens (MNHN A-274 18), Mission Jousseaume, 1894 (no further data) (one straight, three specimens bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band well-defined, some with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with markedly larger ones; body 15–29 mm long, 10–12 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (MNHN A274-16), Mission Dolffus Egypte, Gulf of Suez, Sta. 17bis (28°14’ N, 33°22’ E), muddy sand and corals, 22 m, 25 Dec. 1928 (field data after Billard 1933), R.P. Dolfuss, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles; body 19 mm long, 12.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). Eleven specimens (MNHN A 274-28), Mission Jousseaume, Suez, 1894 (no further data; eight specimens bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band well-defined in most specimens, some with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest ones; body 13.5–23 mm long, 8.0– 13.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (MNHN A 894), Mission A. Gruvel-P.G. Moazzo, Suez Bay, Jan.–Feb. 1934, entrance of canal (no further data; bent ventrally, some elytra detached, right parapodia of chaetiger 16 previously removed; elytra brownish, longitudinal bands barely visible; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest ones; body 31.5 mm long, 14 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (ZMH PE 186), Gulf of Suez, 1914, F. Banarate, coll. (elytra yellowish, with an oblique darker band barely visible, with abundant sediment and epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body 25 mm long, 15 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (ZMH V 8365), Gulf of Suez, Bawmwarth, coll. (no further data; markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish without black bands, macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles; not measured). Red Sea. Egypt. One specimen (ZMH V 6120), Khalij al Jimshan, Hartmeyer, coll. (no further data; elytra brownish with abundant white epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones, sometimes duplicate; body 21 mm long, 13 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). Red Sea. Saudi Arabia. One specimen (CAS 192038), Red Sea Biodiversity Cruise 2013, Makkah Province, Thuwal, Kaust Beach, intertidal, 15 Mar. 2013, T.M. Gosliner, coll. (complete; two right parapodia dissected for observation, one midbody elytron removed for observing details; body 12.5 mm long, 8 mm wide, 28 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 2847), Thuwal (22°16’26.4” N, 39°03’03.6” E), 2–20 m, seaward reef slope and front of shelf reef, 10 Oct. 2012, M. Berumen & G. Paulay, coll. (bent ventrally; right parapodial and elytral fragments removed for molecular studies; 1 row of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body 11 mm long, 6.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 3498), Farasan Islands, Naf Shuma (16°45’10.8” N, 41°36’18.0” E), 1–5 m, silty reef flat to slope, 9 Mar. 2013, A. Anker, P. Norby & G. Paulay, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; oblique brownish longitudinal bands, and posterior elytral margins barely pigmented; left parapodia of chaetigers 13 and 14 removed for observation; body 23 mm long, 12 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 3500), Farasan Islands, Mahama Island (16°29’20.4” N, 41°56’38.4” E), 4–17 m, reef rubble, fringing slope, 9 Mar. 2013, A. Anker, P. Norby & G. Paulay, coll. (elytra brownish with wide oblique blackish bands, and darker posterior elytral margins in posterior segments, many elytra with white epibionts; two rows of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirri clearly projected; body 15 mm long, 8.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 3505), Farasan Islands, Naf Shuma (16°45’10.8” N, 41°36’18.0” E), 1–5 m, silty reef flat to slope, 9 Mar. 2013, A. Anker, P. Norby & G. Paulay, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra brownish with wide oblique blackish band and darker posterior elytral margins in median and posterior elytra; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore barely projected; body 18 mm long, 9 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 3514), Farasan Islands, Zahrat Durakah (16°50’09.6” N, 42°18’21.6” E), 4 m, fringing reef slope around sand canal, in rubble, 11 Mar. 2013, A. Anker, P. Norby & G. Paulay, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish with wide oblique longitudinal band; body 17 mm long, 9 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 3583), off Thuwal, Abu Shosha Reef (22°12’10.8” N, 39°02’52.8” E), 5 m, sheltered side, 24 Mar. 2013, J. Moore & J. Bouwmeester, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with a barely continuous, longitudinal black band; two rows of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirri barely projected; body 11.5 mm long, 7.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 4488), Amr’s Dropoff (25°39’24.5916” N, 36°42’43.4592” E), 3–12 m, silty fringing reef, 1 Feb. 2016, J. Moore, coll. (juvenile; brownish longitudinal bands discontinuous in same elytron, made by darker areas; middorsal elytral margins darker than other areas; some elytra removed for observation; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest tubercles; body 17 mm long, 8.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 4489), Amr’s Dropoff (25°39’24.5916” N, 36°42’43.4592” E), 3–12 m, silty fringing reef, 1 Feb. 2016, J Moore, coll. (juvenile; right elytron 4 and parapodium previously removed, left parapodium of chaetiger 10 removed for observation (kept in container); macrotubercles in two rows, each with a few tubercles, first row with largest tubercles; body 5.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 23 chaetigers; 11 elytral pairs). One specimen (UF 6287), Wasaliyat Island (17°46’58.08” N, 41°26’08.88” E), 0–25 m, patch reef, 17 Oct. 2014, D. Uyeno, R. Lasley & J. Moore, coll. (markedly bent ventrally, not measured to avoid any damage; elytra with discontinuous oblique dark bands, posterior elytral margins darker in posterior elytra; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with tubercles markedly larger than the others). One specimen (UF 6320), Farasan Islands, North Ghorab Island (17°06’30.96” N, 42°04’07.68” E), 5–7 m, fringing reef, silty bottom, 22 Oct. 2014, D. Uyeno, R. Lasley & J. Moore, coll. (elytra yellowish with brown spots forming irregular longitudinal band, some with white epibionts; macrotubercles darker, in two rows, size markedly different; median cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophore with basal tubercle barely bilobate; body 10.5 mm long, 6 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen (UF 6338), Farasan Islands, Dhi Dahaya (16°52’22.44” N, 41°26’27.6” E), 0.25 m, 24 Oct. 2014, D. Uyeno, R. Lasley, & J. Moore, coll. (juvenile; left parapodium of chaetiger 14 removed for observation; elytra maculate, dark areas small, spread apart, not forming distinct longitudinal bands; macrotubercles in two rows; basal tubercle indistinct; body 13 mm long, 7.5 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). Sudan. Six specimens (NHM 1941.4.4.168-172), Sudan Pearl Fisheries Investigations, Dongonab, 1905, C. Crossland, coll. (variably bent; most elytra on site, smaller ones yellowish, larger ones with brownish elytra, oblique longitudinal black band indistinct; left elytra 7 removed from 3 specimens for observation (kept in container), macrotubercles of first row very large; body 9–23 mm long, 6.5–14 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). Djibouti. Two specimens (MNHN A 274-8), Djibouti, 1897, No. 29, M. Coutière, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish, smallest one with a black spot, largest one with an oblique, longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest macrotubercles; body 15–24 mm long, 8–11 mm wide, 29 chaetigers). Four specimens (MNHN A 274-11), Mission Gravier, Pingodiu & Météor reefs, 18–20 m, 17 Jan. 1906, C. Gravier, coll. (dehydrated, one bent ventrally; elytra brownish with a black