SUBSIDIES PROHIBITED BY THE SCM AGREEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE WTO LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND DISPUTE SETTLEMENT

This study examines the treatment of prohibited subsidies under the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement), with particular focus on export subsidies and import substitution subsidies. Through analysis of JST dispute settlement cases and recent developments, this research identifies key interpretative trends and challenges in the application of prohibited subsidy disciplines. The findings suggest that while the legal framework for prohibited subsidies is well-established, emerging economic models and novel subsidy schemes present new challenges for traditional interpretations.