Gastroesophageal Reflux Diseases and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Urban Area of Jharkhand

Background: This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) in the urban population of Jharkhand. Methods: 250 participants from Ranchi, Jamshedpur, and Dhanbad were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic data, lifestyle habits, and clinical histories were collected and analyzed. Results: The prevalence of GERD was found to be 26%, while IBD, comprising ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, had an overall prevalence of 18%. Key risk factors associated with GERD included smoking (46.1%), alcohol consumption (53.8%), and a diet high in spicy and fatty foods (61.5%). IBD was significantly associated with high-stress levels (77.7%) and similar dietary patterns. Obesity also contributed to both conditions, affecting 38.5% of GERD and 22.2% of IBD patients. Conclusion: The study highlights the impact of urbanization and lifestyle changes on the increasing prevalence of GERD and IBD in Jharkhand, comparable to global trends. These findings underscore the need for public health strategies focusing on lifestyle modifications, early diagnosis, and stress management while increasing awareness of IBD among healthcare providers.