Role of Plantation on the environmental Protection in Hargeisa, Somaliland: Case study of Hargeisa, Somaliland.

New energy trees, such as Jatropha Curcas L, are mostly planted in the current climatic change scenario for development programs. Plantation done in an unsuitable area for future climate change, the project plan can fail. Consequently, the significant financial, labor, and land resources invested in the planting programs will either be wasted or not have the expected bio- diesel yield. The negative impact of plantations is uncertain. The future rewards or losses untangle the diverse and often complex webs of direct and indirect people-environment- economic impacts (Kamali et al., 2002). Indicators can then measure the effects of plantations and associated industrial operations. The significant development of environmental protection problems is a challenge for which no single policy exists. However, the combination of existing opportunities and increased efficiency in all social and economic areas of states would contribute to solving the problem of resources and distribution. Environmental protection is a principal area of cooperation and international regulations, which assumes a global or across- borders dimension. The persistence, purpose, and inter-temporal nature of environmental problems call for preventive actions. Chowdhury et al. (2023) depicted that environmental problems affect worldwide, and the severity and intensity of problems can differ in different geographical regions, but its impact is significant in industrialized countries. Numerous developed countries such as the USA, China, Japan act have taken significant steps in modern decades to create awareness of problems such as air pollution and contamination of drinking water among local communities. Developed countries face issues mostly relevant to safety of chemicals in consumer products, legacy contamination from historic industrial uses, and rising concerns about recently identified chemical hazards.