Metagenetic Evolution: A Horizontal Genetic Flux Between Species Through Viruses, Microbiomes, and Environment

Abstract:Current evolutionary theory predominantly emphasizes vertical gene transmission — the inheritance of genes from parent to offspring. However, emerging evidence from microbial biology, virology, and epigenetics suggests the existence of horizontal gene influence mechanisms in more complex organisms, including humans. This manuscript proposes that evolution may also be shaped by a web of ongoing, multidirectional genetic exchanges driven by viruses, microbiota, and shared environments. Purpose of this Manuscript:The hypothesis of “Metagenetic Evolution” challenges traditional tree-like models by introducing a lateral and ecological view of genetic development. Rather than a strict vertical lineage, this perspective suggests that organisms evolve in part through shared viral and microbial exposures — a more fluid, environmental-driven genetic landscape. The goal of this work is to ignite further interdisciplinary research and open philosophical reflection on the hidden forces that shape life.