Clinical Analysis of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Pregnancy, located outside the normal endometrial cavity whether intra or extra-uterine, is called ectopic pregnancy (EP). This is a derivative of the Greek word ‘extopos’ which means ‘out of place’. Aims of this study to determine Clinical presentation and risk factors of Ectopic pregnancy to highlight and drawing attention for early diagnosis and prompt management. Methods: Present retrospective study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar from September 2023 to August 2024. During this study period, 50 cases of ectopic pregnancies were enrolled in the study. In all cases age, parity, gestational age, risk factors, signs and symptoms, site of ectopic pregnancy and surgical intervention were noted on Performa and data was analyzed, results depicted in tables. Results: Most patients aged between 20-30 years with gestational age of 2 months, in parity 16 were primigravida, 12 were gravida 1, 10 were gravida 2, 6 in each gravida 3 and 4. 2 patient had a history of miscarriage, 4 underwent infertility treatment, 6 had previous ectopic pregnancy, 4 patients with previous cesarean section, while 9 patients given the history of pelvic inflammatory diseases. 12 patients were diagnosed clinically while 30 cases through abdominal ultrasound and 8 through transvaginal ultrasound. Amenorrhea was present in 44 patients, vaginal bleeding in 40 cases and lower abdominal pain in 36 cases, while 16 patients presented in shock. Conclusion: Early diagnosis prevents complications such as rupture of ectopic pregnancy, which end up with excision of fallopian tube or ovary badly affecting fertility.