Deconstructing MSME Growth in India: A Critical Appraisal of Financial Policies, Digital Divide, and Structural Inefficiencies

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in India's economic development, contributing significantly to employment generation, GDP, and exports. This paper examines the classification, registration trends, government financial support, and the role of technology in MSME growth. A statistical analysis using t-tests highlights significant differences among various enterprise categories. The study also explores the impact of government initiatives, digital transformation, and women entrepreneurship within the MSME sector. Findings suggest that while micro enterprises dominate in number, financial support and technological adoption remain crucial for sustaining MSME growth. Policy implications for improving credit accessibility and digital integration are discussed.