Oxysternon spiniferum Castelnau 1840

Oxysternon spiniferum Castelnau, 1840 Fig. 65A Oxysternon spiniferum Castelnau, 1840: 83 (original description). Type locality: Guyana. Name-bearing type: neotype (MNHN), designated by Arnaud (2003), not examined. Oxysternon curvispinum d’Olsoufieff, 1924: 119 (original description). Type locality: Ecuador: Loja. Name-bearing type: lectotype (MNHN), designated by Arnaud (1982), not examined. Oxysternon spiniferum – d’Olsoufieff 1924: 119, 135, 159 (cited for French Guiana). — Gillet 1911b: 87 (catalogue). — Blackwelder 1944: 210 (list, distribution). — Medina et al. 2001: 140 (checklist for Colombia). — Vítolo 2000: 597 (key); 2004: 289 (diagnosis, distribution). — Hamel-Leigue et al. 2008: 43 (diversity); 2009: 50, 64 (distribution for Bolivia). — Medina & Pulido-Herrera 2009: 61 (diversity). — Brûlé et al. 2011a: 193 (list, cited for French Guiana). — Krajcik 2012: 191 (catalogue). — Feer 2013: 767 (list for French Guiana). — Ratcliffe et al. 2015: 197 (checklist for Peru). — Boilly et al. 2016: 89, 95 (key, comments). Oxysternon curvispinum – Pessôa & Lane 1941: 486 (key, diagnosis). — Blackwelder 1944: 210 (list). — Vulcano & Pereira 1967: 570 (key). — Arnaud 1982: 117 (list of types of MNHN). — Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 64 (cited). — Figueroa et al. 2014: 130 (cited). Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum – Arnaud 2002b: 62, 65 (key, diagnosis). — Edmonds & Zídek 2004: 10, 35 (key, diagnosis). — Vítolo 2004: 289 (diagnosis). — Figueroa et al. 2014: 130 (distribution for Peru). — Pacheco & Vaz-de-Mello 2015: 7 (key). — Boilly et al. 2016: 89, 92, 95 (key, characteristics, fig. 19a–c, cited for Guyana). — Chamorro et al. 2018: 97 (list for Ecuador); 2019: 203 (catalogue for Ecuador). — Hielkema & Hielkema 2019: 102 (catalogue for the Guianas). Oxysternon spiniferum curvispinum – Arnaud 2002b: 65 (diagnosis). — Edmonds & Zídek 2004: 35 (synonym of Oxysternon spiniferum). — Carvajal et al. 2011: 322–323 (cited for Ecuador). — Silva et al. 2017: 490 (list). Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum spiniferum – Boilly & Vaz-de-Mello 2013: 105 (fig. 19). Material examined VENEZUELA ‒ Bolívar • 1 spec.; 8 km N of Guri; 200 m a.s.l.; 16 Jul.‒11 Aug. 1986; B. Gill leg.; CEMT • 1 spec.; Río Sipao; 110 km E of Caicar; 17 Jun.‒4 Aug. 1987; S. and J. Peck leg.; flight interception trap, gallery forest; CEMT. Distribution Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Subregions of Venezuela System of hills and low piedmont mountains of the Guiana Shield, System of low mountains and hills Imataca-Cuyuní of Northeast Guyana Shield, and Guiana Shield. Literature records Edmonds & Zídek 2004: 10, 35 (Venezuela: Bolívar). — Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 64 (Venezuela).